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僧王

维基百科,自由的百科全书
1902年缅甸僧王选举在曼德勒善法亭(Thudhamma Zayat)举行

僧伽罗阇巴利语Sangha-raja高棉语សង្ឃរាជ sanghreach泰语พระสังฆราช Sangkharat),意译为僧王上座部佛教名词,是泰国柬埔寨等东南亚国家巴利语系佛教的最高领袖的名称,名义上是全国僧侣的统领[1]

词源

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巴利语中的Sangha-raja僧伽巴利语Sangha梵语Saṃgha)和王者(巴利语、梵语:rāja)的合成词。

概论

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僧王音译“增加拉者”,是泰国柬埔寨对佛教最高领袖的称呼。在缅甸,则称僧王为“萨沙那邦”(缅甸语သာသနာပိုင်Thathanabaing,意为“佛法看守人”)或摩诃僧伽拉者缅甸语မဟာသံဃာရာဇာ Mahasangharaja,义为“大僧王”)[2],1938年被英国殖民当局废黜。

僧王在泰国享有崇高地位,与国王及政府平起平坐。

参见

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参考资料

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  1. ^ ราชบัณฑิตยสถาน, พจนานุกรม ฉบับราชบัณฑิตยสถาน พ.ศ. 2542, กรุงเทพฯ : นานมีบุ๊คส์พับลิเคชั่นส์, 2546, หน้า 1160
  2. ^ Twomey, D.H.R. The Thathanabaing, Head of the Buddhist Monks of Burma. The Imperial and Asiatic Quarterly Review (Oriental Institute). January 1904, XVII (33/34): 326–335. 

书目

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  • Bennett, Charles Henry Allan. The Thathanabaing. Buddhism: A Quarterly Illustrated Review (Rangoon: International Buddhist Society). November 1904, 1 (4): 177–208. 
  • Aung San Suu Kyi. Freedom from Fear. Penguin. 2010. ISBN 978-1-101-56400-4. 
  • Chandara, Lor. Buddhist Head Becomes Great Supreme Patriarch. The Cambodia Daily. 25 May 2006 [7 November 2013]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-13). 
  • Ghosh, Parimal. Brave Men of the Hills. University of Hawaii Press. 2000. ISBN 978-0-8248-2207-1. 
  • Harris, Ian, Sangha Groupings in Cambodia, Buddhist Studies Review (UK Association for Buddhist Studies), August 2001, 18 (I): 65–72 
  • Harris, Ian, Buddhism and Politics in Twentieth-century Asia, Continuum International Publishing Group, 2001, ISBN 0-8264-5178-0 
  • James, Helen. Governance and Civil Society in Myanmar. Psychology Press. 2005: 81–84. 
  • Long, Edward E. Order of the Yellow Robe. Broad views (Gay & Bird). January 1906, 5 (25). 
  • Scott, J. George. Gazetteer of Upper Burma and the Shan states (PDF) 2. Superintendent, Government Printing. 1900 [2017-07-09]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-12-08). 
  • Twomey, D.H.R. The Thathanabaing, Head of the Buddhist Monks of Burma. The Imperial and Asiatic Quarterly Review (Oriental Institute). January 1904, XVII (33/34): 326–335.