紐約地鐵車輛段
 | 此條目目前正依照其他維基百科上的內容進行翻譯。 (2017年1月21日) |
美國紐約地鐵線網複雜，每條線路都有對應的車輛段供列車停放，車輛段還具有對列車的保養以及維修的功能，這些車輛段遍布紐約各地，其中一些車輛段是位於地下的。
A系統
[編輯]137街車輛段
[編輯]137街車輛段（137th Street Yard）是一個位於地下的車輛段，位於在軌道線IRT百老匯-第七大道線上行走的1號線的145街和137街-市立學院之間，該車輛段位於上述位置中正線的兩側，東側有兩條西側有三條，該車輛段用於停放走1號線服務的列車。 40°49′22″N 73°57′11″W / 40.82278°N 73.95306°W
239街車輛段
[編輯]
239街車輛段（239th Street Yard）是紐約地鐵車輛段中最北的一個，位於弗曼大道4570號，該車輛段提供2號線和5號線的列車停放。 40°54′03″N 73°50′58″W / 40.90083°N 73.84944°W
240街車輛段
[編輯]
240街車輛段（240th Street Yard），又稱為：范科特蘭（Van Cortlandt）或VC Yard，位於百老匯路5911號，位於1號線北起訖站點范科特蘭公園-242街西北處，該車輛段連接了一旁1號線行走的IRT百老匯-第七大道線高架鐵路，用於停放1號線車輛。 40°53′18″N 73°54′05″W / 40.88833°N 73.90139°W
科羅娜車輛段
[編輯]
科羅娜車輛段（Corona Yard）位於111街附近，用於停靠7號線的快慢車。該車輛段於1928年啟用。 40°45′10″N 73°50′46″W / 40.75278°N 73.84611°W
東180街車輛段
[編輯]
東180街車輛段（East 180th Street Yard），位於布朗克斯東180街1145號，位於2號線以及5號線經過的東180街車站西邊，緊靠車站東180街車站[1]；停靠2號線和5號線的車輛。 40°50′33″N 73°52′22″W / 40.84250°N 73.87278°W
傑羅姆車輛段
[編輯]傑羅姆車輛段（Jerome Yard），又稱為：Mosholu Yard，位於布朗克斯傑羅姆大道3191號，車輛段上蓋了一個露天停車場，位於貝得福公園大道北側，停放4號線列車。 40°52′44″N 73°53′16″W / 40.87889°N 73.88778°W
萊諾克斯車輛段
[編輯]
萊諾克斯車輛段（Lenox Yard）位於曼哈頓的哈萊姆區社區的148街，該車連段沒有維修設備，只作為3號線列車停放使用。作為跨區捷運公司（IRT）的第一個檢修車間於1904年與地鐵一同啟用。車連段有兩條軌道連接到3號線北部起訖站點哈林-148街車站的正線。 40°49′22″N 73°56′07″W / 40.82278°N 73.93528°W
利沃尼亞車輛段
[編輯]
利沃尼亞車輛段（Livonia Yard）位於布魯克林的東紐約街區，是軌道線IRT紐羅次線東端的終點。該車輛段用於停放3號線的R62車輛、42街接駁線的R62A以及4號線和5號線的R142車輛。
車輛段有四條檢查車輛用的軌道以及13條停放車輛的軌道。3號線的大部分車輛停靠在曼哈頓上城的萊諾克斯車輛段。 40°39′51″N 73°52′45″W / 40.66417°N 73.87917°W
聯合港車廠
[編輯]聯合港車廠（Unionport Yard）在東180街車輛段旁，也用於停靠2號線和5號線的列車[2][1]。該車連段目前有19條軌道，向南連接軌道線IRT白原路線，向北連接軌道線IRT代里大道線。 40°50′42″N 73°52′12″W / 40.84500°N 73.87000°W
西農場車廠（拆除）
[編輯]西農場車廠（West Farms Yard）是一個高架車輛段，於1952年拆除[3]；曾用於停放2號線和5號線列車。
威徹斯特車輛段
[編輯]威徹斯特車輛段（Westchester Yard，又譯：韋斯切斯特車輛段）又稱為佩勒姆車輛段（Pelham Yard），坐落在布朗克斯。該車連段有45條軌道用於停放6號線的車輛以及可以駛入兩個系統的鐵路維護車輛。車連段有連接軌道線IRT Pelham Line兩個方向的軌道。40°50′38″N 73°50′31″W / 40.84389°N 73.84194°W
B系統
[編輯]174街車輛段
[編輯]174街車輛段（英語：174th Street Yard）是IND第八大道線的一個地下車輛段，用於存放紐約地鐵C線的列車。車輛段有5條軌道，位於兩條客運服務軌道以東。該車站在168街車站以北，相距6個街區，並且鄰近175街。靠內的軌道通向車輛段，用於調度C線車輛。該場站雖然有五條線路，但僅可容納三列十車廂60英寸寬列車和兩列六車廂60英寸寬列車，不過C線只需兩條用於容納十車廂60英寸寬列車的軌道即可正常服務。車輛段北端有一堵混凝土牆，以及鄰近跨曼哈頓高速公路的磚牆，這是因為該線路原計劃行經喬治華盛頓大橋。[4][5] 40°50′45″N 73°56′23″W / 40.84583°N 73.93972°W
207街車輛段
[編輯].jpg)
207街車輛段（英語：207th Street Yard）位於曼哈頓上城，Harlem River north of the University Heights Bridge. It serves as the home yard for the R32s assigned to the C train.
The 207th Street Shop is one of two heavy overhaul shops in the New York City Subway system (the other being the Coney Island Yard in Brooklyn) and provides overhaul and rebuilding of most A Division cars as well as some B Division rolling stock.
The yard also stores cars that are being retired or awaiting scrapping and restores cars designated for the New York Transit Museum.
South of the yard, connecting tracks lead to the IND Eighth Avenue Line. A separate connecting track and flyover leads to the IRT Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line. 40°52′0″N 73°55′0″W / 40.86667°N 73.91667°W
Canarsie Yard
[編輯]
The Canarsie Yard (also known as AY Yard from its telegraphy letters) is located on the south end of the BMT Canarsie Line adjacent to Canarsie – Rockaway Parkway. It is the primary layup yard for the L train and hosts the only car wash for the entire BMT Eastern Division, washing trains for the J, L, M and Z services. Signals were installed in 2003 in conjunction with the BMT Canarsie Line automation project. This greatly increases the safety of train movements in the yard, as the L train has some of the fastest growing ridership in the system. 40°38′48″N 73°54′05″W / 40.64667°N 73.90139°W
Church Avenue Yard
[編輯]The Church Avenue Yard is an underground rail yard on the IND Culver Line, used to store trains for the G service. It is composed of four tracks directly under the four main line tracks above. This yard is directly connected through the IND Church Avenue station which presently is the terminus for "G" service. At least one of the yard's inner-most 4-tracks is in continuous use to turn-back equipment to the opposite direction. There are two ramps between each local and express track south of Church Avenue station for access. Each track can hold one full-length train between the bumper blocks and the crossovers. 40°38′31″N 73°58′45″W / 40.64194°N 73.97917°W
Coney Island Complex
[編輯]
The Coney Island Complex is the largest rapid transit yard in the state of New York. Located in Brooklyn, New York, it covers 75英畝（300,000平方公尺） and operates 24/7.
The complex was built in 1926 on former marshlands that, along with Coney Island Creek, formerly separated Coney Island from the main body of Brooklyn. Much of this land had originally been proposed for use as a ship canal and port facility.
Regular scheduled maintenance is performed here for a fleet of nearly 800 cars serving the B, G, N, Q and Franklin Avenue Shuttle trains. The shop facility along with 207th St. does heavy maintenance and overhaul for every one of the approximately 6,000 cars in the subway system, including the Staten Island Railway.
In addition to heavy maintenance facilities and track facilities for cars undergoing maintenance and overhaul, the complex includes three related railroad storage yards. The main yard facility, known as "Coney Island Yard," includes direct connections to the adjacent BMT Sea Beach Line (N，Q，與W train) and a two-track elevated structure to the BMT West End Line (D train). The main yard also serves trains on the BMT Brighton Line (B Q trains) via tracks C & D (aka 3 & 4) of Coney Island – Stillwell Avenue station. The adjacent but separate Culver (or "City") Yard connects to the IND Culver Line (F 與<F> train) at the eastern border of the yard complex. Another yard, "Stillwell Yard," used mainly for off-peak train storage, is located across the Sea Beach Line from the main yard complex in a "V" between the divergent Sea Beach and West End Lines.
In addition to the maintenance shop and yards, there is a Health Center (gym) for Transit Authority employees and a firing range for the New York City Police Department (NYPD). The range was originally built for the New York City Transit Police Department, which was merged with the NYPD in 1995.
The Coney Island Yard Electric Motor Repair Shop and Coney Island Yard Gatehouse were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.[6] 40°35′10″N 73°58′40″W / 40.58611°N 73.97778°W
Concourse Yard
[編輯]Concourse Yard Entry Buildings | |
| 地點 | W. 205th St., bet. Jerome and Paul Aves., Bronx, New York |
|---|---|
| 占地面積 | less than one acre |
| 建於 | 1933 |
| 建築師 | Ridgeway, Robert |
| 建築風格 | Art Deco |
| MPS | New York City Subway System MPS |
| NRHP編號 | 06000014 |
Concourse Yard Substation | |
| 地點 | 3119 Jerome Ave., Bronx, New York |
| NRHP編號 | 06000013 [6] |
| NRHP收錄 | February 9, 2006 |
The Concourse Yard is located in northern Bronx near 205th Street and Jerome Avenue. This yard is home to all cars assigned to the D trains and are maintained at this yard, although many trains assigned to the B and 4 services are stored here as well. Connecting tracks lead north from the yard to the IND Concourse Line and south to the IRT Jerome Avenue Line. Concourse Yard is spanned across its middle by Bedford Park Boulevard West, and at its northern end by a 205th Street viaduct. The Jerome Yard used by the IRT Jerome Avenue Line lies to the north of 205th Street.
The Concourse Yard Entry Buildings and Concourse Yard Substation were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.[6] The former consists of two, three-story brick buildings with only the top story visible from the street that are built next to one another to form a gateway to the Concourse Yard. They feature ornamental limestone columns and aluminum doors. The buildings are connected by an iron bridge that retains its original Art Deco balustrade.[7] The latter is a one-story brick building measuring 50 feet by 100 feet and featuring a brick parapet with ornamental limestone and aluminum doors.[7] 40°52′28″N 73°53′25″W / 40.87444°N 73.89028°W
East New York Yard
[編輯]East New York Yard (also known as DO Yard from its telegraphy letters) is primarily used to store and repair trains on the J, L, M and Z trains. Subway equipment is inspected and maintained there on a regular basis.[8]
It is located at the junction of the Canarsie and Jamaica Lines near the intersection of Broadway and Jamaica Avenue in East New York, Brooklyn. A separate part of the facility houses the East New York Bus Depot, formerly a trolley depot. The yard is entirely equipped with hand-operated switches. Only the Fresh Pond Yard and 36th–38th Street Yard share this characteristic.
Portions of the yard date back to 1885 and the Lexington Avenue Elevated and the yard predates the rebuilding of nearby Broadway Junction, which was formerly known as Manhattan Junction or East New York Loop.
The yard and its main lead configuration remained the same before and after the extensive elevated line rebuilding nearby, but additional track and structure was built, so that, at its peak, East New York Yard had direct connections to the Broadway Elevated going west, Jamaica Line going east, Canarsie Line going east, and Fulton Street Elevated both east and west. 40°40′44.3″N 73°54′6.1″W / 40.678972°N 73.901694°W
鮮潭車廠
[編輯]The Fresh Pond Yard in Middle Village, Queens is located to the back of the Fresh Pond Bus Depot formerly a trolley depot, and is used for storing the R160As that run on the M train. It is located between Fresh Pond Road and Middle Village – Metropolitan Avenue on the BMT Myrtle Avenue Line, but is only accessible from the latter station. Trains must first platform there and then reverse into the yard. The yard is entirely equipped with hand-operated switches. Only East New York Yard and 36th–38th Street Yard share this characteristic. 40°42′26″N 73°53′36″W / 40.70722°N 73.89333°W
Jamaica Yard
[編輯]
Jamaica Yard is located in Kew Gardens, Queens at the south end of Flushing Meadows–Corona Park. It is connected to the IND Queens Boulevard Line at a three-way flying junction. The yard is on surface level, and the four-track approach includes a bridge over the Grand Central Parkway, despite the Queens Boulevard Line being underground.[9] The site upon which the yard sits at the head of the valley of the Flushing River was, during the American Revolution, occupied by British troops after the Battle of Long Island.[10]
The yard was built for the Independent Subway System in the 1930s and served as the south end of the World's Fair Railroad in 1939 and 1940. The yard provides carwash, interior cleaning, grease and minor repair services to the R46s and R160s that are assigned to the E, F, and R trains.[11][12] Some R160s for the M train are stored here as well during weekdays.
The Metropolitan Transportation Authority plans to enlarge the yard.[13] 40°43′12″N 73°49′41″W / 40.72000°N 73.82806°W
Pitkin Yard
[編輯]
The Pitkin Yard is located in East New York, Brooklyn. It holds the Pitkin Shops, which maintain the R46s used on the A train and Rockaway Park Shuttle. Some R32s used on the C train are also stored here.
Track connections from the yard connect both railroad north to Euclid Avenue and railroad south past Grant Avenue on the IND Fulton Street Line. This allows trains to be added or removed from service in either direction. 40°40′21″N 73°51′54″W / 40.67250°N 73.86500°W
Rockaway Park Yard
[編輯]
Rockaway Park Yard is located in Rockaway Park, Queens. It is a layup yard for the R46s on the Rockaway Park Shuttle and A train, although they are primarily maintained at the Pitkin Yard in Brooklyn. R40A #4392-93 are used for school training in this yard.
This yard is adjacent to Rockaway Park – Beach 116th Street. Like the IND Rockaway Line itself, the Rockaway Yard was originally a yard for the Rockaway Beach Branch of the Long Island Rail Road. It included a water tower, a roundhouse, and an elevated loop track for Brooklyn Rapid Transit trains. 40°34′52″N 73°50′8″W / 40.58111°N 73.83556°W
其他車輛段
[編輯]36th-38th Street Yard
[編輯]
The 36th–38th Street Yard is located between Fifth and Seventh Avenues in Sunset Park, Brooklyn, adjacent to the Jackie Gleason Bus Depot. This yard is not normally used for revenue-service train maintenance, though some trains for the R service are stored here. Its primary function is to store diesel and electrically powered maintenance-of-way and other non-revenue service rolling stock. It is also used to transfer trash from garbage collector trains to trucks via platforms inside the yard just south of 37th Street.
This southern part of the yard was formerly the center of the South Brooklyn Railway, which extended from Bush Terminal through the north part of the yard, then down Gravesend Avenue and into the Coney Island Yard. The yard is entirely equipped with hand-operated switches. Only Fresh Pond Yard and East New York Yard share this characteristic. 40°38′52″N 73°59′48″W / 40.64778°N 73.99667°W
Linden Shops
[編輯]Linden Shops is a track shop, where track switches and other components are assembled. It has track connections to the IRT New Lots Line and BMT Canarsie Line, but no third rail, restricting the facility to diesel-powered trains only. There is also a track connection to the Long Island Rail Road's Bay Ridge Branch. This connection is one of two from the subway to the mainline United States rail network (the BMT West End Line is the other). 40°39′13″N 73°54′16″W / 40.65361°N 73.90444°W
參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ 1.0 1.1 East 180th St. & Unionport Yards. [2012-03-01]. （原始內容存檔於2012-03-14）.
- ^ IRT Subway: Small action at the (2) (5) Unionport Yard (180th Street) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i5_KNc0Mk5Q& （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
- ^ The Bronx IRT, Lenox/White Plains Road/Dyre Avenue Line. [2012-03-04]. （原始內容存檔於2012-06-22）.
- ^ 存档副本. [2016-12-03]. （原始內容存檔於2021-03-09）.
- ^ 174th St. Yard. [2016-12-03]. （原始內容存檔於2020-09-15）.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 National Register Information System. National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2009-03-13.
- ^ 7.0 7.1 Kathleen A. Howe. National Register of Historic Places Registration: Concourse Yard Entry Buildings. New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. March 2004 [2011-01-12]. （原始內容存檔於2012-10-18）. See also: Accompanying five photos. （原始內容存檔於2012-10-18）. 引用錯誤：帶有name屬性「nrhpinv_ny」的
<ref>標籤用不同內容定義了多次 - ^ East New York Yard. NYCSubway.org. [2012-03-02]. （原始內容存檔於2012-03-12）.
- ^ Track map created by Peter Dougherty （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） and published in his book "Tracks of the New York City Subway" (Fourth Edition)
- ^ Richmond Hill Record. [2013-06-14]. （原始內容存檔於2020-09-21）.
- ^ UTU Article 2004 網際網路檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2011-07-22.
- ^ Kennedy, Randy. A Day in the Subway, as It Rolls Up a Century. New York Times. October 27, 2004 [September 2, 2009]. （原始內容存檔於2015-05-28）.
- ^ MTA, Capital Program 2005–2009 網際網路檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2009-03-13., accessed April 17, 2007
