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Draft:Diaporthe tulliensis

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Diaporthe tulliensis is a fungal plant pathogen. It primarily affects shoots and fruits, inducing symptoms such as cankers and lesions. Thrives in warm and dry conditions and its spores are spread by wind and rain, making it a significant concern in orchards where it can lead to fruit rot and stem cankers.

Diaporthe tulliensis
科學分類 編輯
界： 真菌界 Fungi
門： 子囊菌門 Ascomycota
綱： 糞殼菌綱 Sordariomycetes
目： 間座殼目 Diaporthales
科： 間座殼科 Diaporthaceae
屬： 間座殼屬 Diaporthe
種：
Diaporthe tulliensis D. tulliensis
二名法
Diaporthe tulliensis
R.G. Shivas, Vawdrey & Y.P. Tan.(2015)
異名

Diaporthe alangii C.M. Tian & Qin Yang (2018)

Diaporthe celtidis Tennakoon, C.H. Kuo & K.D. Hyde(2021)

 Diaporthe glabrae (C.Q. Chang, Z.D. Jiang & P.K. Chi) Y.H. Gao & L. Cai, IMA Fungus 8: 183 (2017)

Diaporthe hubeiensis Dissanayake, X.H. Li & K.D. Hyde, Frontiers in Microbiology 10: 20 (2019)

Diaporthe morindae M. Luo, W. Guo, Zhao, Manawas., K.D. Hyde, C.P. You, J of Fungi 8: 806 (2022)

Diaporthe tectonae Doilom, Dissan. & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 82: 100 (2016)

Morphology

[編輯]

Most of the isolates showed white colonies with black pycnidial conidiomata embedded in PDA.[1] The pycnidia produced two types of conidia. First, fusiform α-conidia, which were oval to cylindrical, rounded at the apex, obconically truncated at the base, hyaline, and measured 5–7 × 2–2.5 μm. Second, curved β-conidia, which were flexuous, hamate, hyaline, and measured 25–30 × 1.0 μm. Additionally, a conidial cirrus was observed extruding from the ostiole.[2]

Symptoms

[編輯]

The symptoms caused by D. tulliensis vary across different host plants, mainly affecting the appearance and health of their leaves.

Symptomatic coffee leaves initially developed small reddish-brown spots at the tips, which expanded along the margins before wilting and drying.[3] On bodhi trees, circular to oval leaf spots with pale white centers, brown-black edges, and chlorotic halos were observed year-round.[4] In betel vine, irregularly shaped, light to dark brown leaf spots surrounded by yellow halos spread inward, leading to yellowing, drying, and drooping of the entire leaf.[5]

Host range

[編輯]
  • Alangium kurzii (Yang et al. 2018)[6]
  • Bougainvillea glabra (Gao et al. 2017)[7]
  • Celtis formosana (Tennakoon et al. 2021)[8]
  • Morinda officinalis (Luo et al. 2022)[9]
  • Tectona grandis (Doilom et al. 2016)[10]
  • Theobroma cacao (Crous et al. 2015)[11]
  • Vitis vinifera (Manawasinghe et al. 2019)[12]
  • Parthenocissus tricuspidata (Huang et al. 2021)[13]
  • Jasminum officinale (Hsu et al., 2022)[14]

Known distribution

[編輯]
  • Australia (Crous et al. 2015)[15]
  • China (Gao et al. 2017[16]; Yang et al. 2018[17]; Manawasinghe et al. 2019[18]; Tennakoon et al. 2021[19]; Luo et al. 2022[20])
  • Thailand (Doilom et al. 2016[21])
  • Taiwan (Huang et al. 2021[13]; Hsu et al., 2022[14])
  • Puerto Rico (Serrato-Diaz et al., 2022[22];Serrato-Diaz et al., 2023[23])

Life cycle

[編輯]

Diaporthe spp. attack young leaves, fruits, and twigs, thriving in dry conditions at temperatures between 17 and 35°C. Spore germination needs 10–24 hours of moisture, with germ tubes forming in 36–48 hours. The fungi survive winter on plant debris like mummy fruits, dead stems, and dry leaves, where perithecia may form the next year. These produce ascospores that spread over long distances by wind. Conidia, formed in pycnidia, are the main cause of infections. They spread to nearby trees through raindrops or travel long distances in dry weather. Disease severity is influenced by how long fruits stay wet after rain or irrigation. Warm, moist conditions, especially overnight, promote infection.[24]

Phylogenetic

[編輯]

Reliable identification of Diaporthe species is using molecular phylogenetic methods, specifically by comparing nucleotide sequences of phylogenetically informative DNA loci, including the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of ribosomal DNA (rDNA), β-tubulin (BT), histone3 (HIS3), calmodulin (CAL), and translation elongation factor 1α (EF-1α) genes.[25]

References

[編輯]
  1. ^ Huang, Cheng-Chun; Liu, Hsien-Hao; Wu, Ping-Hu; Chang, Hao-Xun. First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Diaporthe tulliensis on Boston Ivy (Parthenocissus tricuspidata) in Taiwan. Plant Disease. 2021-03-29. ISSN 0191-2917. PMID 33779251. doi:10.1094/PDIS-12-20-2652-PDN. 
  2. ^ Dissanayake, Asha J.; Zhu, Jin-Tao; Chen, Ya-Ya; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Liu, Jian-Kui. A re-evaluation of Diaporthe: refining the boundaries of species and species complexes. Fungal Diversity. 2024-05-01, 126 (1). ISSN 1878-9129. doi:10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7 （英語）. 
  3. ^ Gong, J. L.; Lu, Y.; Wu, W. H.; He, C. P.; Liang, Y. Q.; Huang, X.; Zheng, J. L.; Xi, J. G.; Tang, S. B.; Yi, K. X. First Report of Phomopsis heveicola (Anamorph of Diaporthe tulliensis) Causing Leaf Blight of Coffee (Coffea arabica) in China. Plant Disease. 2020-02, 104 (2). ISSN 0191-2917. doi:10.1094/PDIS-09-19-1833-PDN. 
  4. ^ Li, Ke Yu; Liang, Jing Jing; Peng, Yi Feng; Ling, Xiu Fang; Cai, Yan Ting; Yi, Run Hua. Leaf Spots on Bodhi Tree (Ficus religiosa) Caused by Diaporthe tulliensis. Plant Disease. 2022-10, 106 (10). ISSN 0191-2917. doi:10.1094/PDIS-01-22-0211-PDN. 
  5. ^ Shabong, K.; Kayang, H. First report of Diaporthe tulliensis causing leaf spot of betel vine. New Disease Reports. 2023, 47 (2). ISSN 2044-0588. doi:10.1002/ndr2.12174 （英語）. 
  6. ^ Dissanayake, Asha J.; Zhu, Jin-Tao; Chen, Ya-Ya; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Liu, Jian-Kui. A re-evaluation of Diaporthe: refining the boundaries of species and species complexes. Fungal Diversity. 2024-05-01, 126 (1). ISSN 1878-9129. doi:10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7 （英語）. 
  7. ^ Dissanayake, Asha J.; Zhu, Jin-Tao; Chen, Ya-Ya; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Liu, Jian-Kui. A re-evaluation of Diaporthe: refining the boundaries of species and species complexes. Fungal Diversity. 2024-05-01, 126 (1). ISSN 1878-9129. doi:10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7 （英語）. 
  8. ^ Dissanayake, Asha J.; Zhu, Jin-Tao; Chen, Ya-Ya; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Liu, Jian-Kui. A re-evaluation of Diaporthe: refining the boundaries of species and species complexes. Fungal Diversity. 2024-05-01, 126 (1). ISSN 1878-9129. doi:10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7 （英語）. 
  9. ^ Dissanayake, Asha J.; Zhu, Jin-Tao; Chen, Ya-Ya; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Liu, Jian-Kui. A re-evaluation of Diaporthe: refining the boundaries of species and species complexes. Fungal Diversity. 2024-05-01, 126 (1). ISSN 1878-9129. doi:10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7 （英語）. 
  10. ^ Dissanayake, Asha J.; Zhu, Jin-Tao; Chen, Ya-Ya; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Liu, Jian-Kui. A re-evaluation of Diaporthe: refining the boundaries of species and species complexes. Fungal Diversity. 2024-05-01, 126 (1). ISSN 1878-9129. doi:10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7 （英語）. 
  11. ^ Dissanayake, Asha J.; Zhu, Jin-Tao; Chen, Ya-Ya; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Liu, Jian-Kui. A re-evaluation of Diaporthe: refining the boundaries of species and species complexes. Fungal Diversity. 2024-05-01, 126 (1). ISSN 1878-9129. doi:10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7 （英語）. 
  12. ^ Dissanayake, Asha J.; Zhu, Jin-Tao; Chen, Ya-Ya; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Liu, Jian-Kui. A re-evaluation of Diaporthe: refining the boundaries of species and species complexes. Fungal Diversity. 2024-05-01, 126 (1). ISSN 1878-9129. doi:10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7 （英語）. 
  13. ^ 13.0 13.1 Huang, Cheng-Chun; Liu, Hsien-Hao; Wu, Ping-Hu; Chang, Hao-Xun. First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Diaporthe tulliensis on Boston Ivy (Parthenocissus tricuspidata) in Taiwan. Plant Disease. 2021-09, 105 (9). ISSN 0191-2917. doi:10.1094/PDIS-12-20-2652-PDN. 
  14. ^ 14.0 14.1 Hsu, Ching-Ching; Hsiao, Hui-Yu; Huang, Tung-Ching; Shen, Yuan-Min. First Report of Stem Canker Caused by Diaporthe tulliensis on Jasmine in Taiwan. Plant Disease. 2023-02, 107 (2). ISSN 0191-2917. doi:10.1094/PDIS-09-21-1908-PDN. 
  15. ^ Dissanayake, Asha J.; Zhu, Jin-Tao; Chen, Ya-Ya; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Liu, Jian-Kui. A re-evaluation of Diaporthe: refining the boundaries of species and species complexes. Fungal Diversity. 2024-05-01, 126 (1). ISSN 1878-9129. doi:10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7 （英語）. 
  16. ^ Dissanayake, Asha J.; Zhu, Jin-Tao; Chen, Ya-Ya; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Liu, Jian-Kui. A re-evaluation of Diaporthe: refining the boundaries of species and species complexes. Fungal Diversity. 2024-05-01, 126 (1). ISSN 1878-9129. doi:10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7 （英語）. 
  17. ^ Dissanayake, Asha J.; Zhu, Jin-Tao; Chen, Ya-Ya; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Liu, Jian-Kui. A re-evaluation of Diaporthe: refining the boundaries of species and species complexes. Fungal Diversity. 2024-05-01, 126 (1). ISSN 1878-9129. doi:10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7 （英語）. 
  18. ^ Dissanayake, Asha J.; Zhu, Jin-Tao; Chen, Ya-Ya; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Liu, Jian-Kui. A re-evaluation of Diaporthe: refining the boundaries of species and species complexes. Fungal Diversity. 2024-05-01, 126 (1). ISSN 1878-9129. doi:10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7 （英語）. 
  19. ^ Dissanayake, Asha J.; Zhu, Jin-Tao; Chen, Ya-Ya; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Liu, Jian-Kui. A re-evaluation of Diaporthe: refining the boundaries of species and species complexes. Fungal Diversity. 2024-05-01, 126 (1). ISSN 1878-9129. doi:10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7 （英語）. 
  20. ^ Dissanayake, Asha J.; Zhu, Jin-Tao; Chen, Ya-Ya; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Liu, Jian-Kui. A re-evaluation of Diaporthe: refining the boundaries of species and species complexes. Fungal Diversity. 2024-05-01, 126 (1). ISSN 1878-9129. doi:10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7 （英語）. 
  21. ^ Dissanayake, Asha J.; Zhu, Jin-Tao; Chen, Ya-Ya; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Liu, Jian-Kui. A re-evaluation of Diaporthe: refining the boundaries of species and species complexes. Fungal Diversity. 2024-05-01, 126 (1). ISSN 1878-9129. doi:10.1007/s13225-024-00538-7 （英語）. 
  22. ^ Serrato-Diaz, Luz M.; Ayala-Silva, T.; Goenaga, R. First Report of Diaporthe tulliensis and D. pseudomangiferae Causing Cacao Pod Rot in Puerto Rico. Plant Disease. 2022-09, 106 (9). ISSN 0191-2917. doi:10.1094/PDIS-12-21-2634-PDN. 
  23. ^ Serrato-Diaz, L. M.; Aviles-Noriega, Ashley; Rivera-Vargas, L. I.; Goenaga, R. First Report of Diaporthe tulliensis Causing Necrotic Spots and Leaf Blight on Rambutan in Puerto Rico. Plant Disease. 2023-11, 107 (11). ISSN 0191-2917. doi:10.1094/PDIS-09-22-2058-PDN. 
  24. ^ Chaisiri, Chingchai; Liu, Xiangyu; Lin, Yang; Luo, Chaoxi. Diaporthe citri: A Fungal Pathogen Causing Melanose Disease. Plants. 2022-01, 11 (12). ISSN 2223-7747. doi:10.3390/plants11121600 （英語）. 
  25. ^ Santos, Liliana; Alves, Artur; Alves, Rui. Evaluating multi-locus phylogenies for species boundaries determination in the genus Diaporthe. PeerJ. 2017-03-28, 5. ISSN 2167-8359. doi:10.7717/peerj.3120 （英語）. 
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