十甲基二茂鐵
外觀
十甲基二茂鐵 | |
---|---|
IUPAC名 Decamethylferrocene | |
識別 | |
CAS號 | 12126-50-0 |
PubChem | 5148079 |
ChemSpider | 4321548 |
SMILES |
|
InChI |
|
InChIKey | SEYZDJPFVVXSRB-UHFFFAOYAP |
性質 | |
化學式 | C20H30Fe |
摩爾質量 | 326.3 g·mol−1 |
外觀 | 黃色晶體[1] |
熔點 | 291-295 °C(564-568 K)([1]) |
升華條件 | 413 K, 5.3 Pa[2] |
若非註明,所有數據均出自標準狀態(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。 |
十甲基二茂鐵,又稱雙(五甲基環五二烯)鐵(II),是一種有機化合物,化學式 Fe(C
5(CH
3)
5)
2 或C
20H
30Fe。它是一種夾心配合物,由亞鐵離子(Fe2+)和兩個五甲基環戊二烯陰離子(Cp*-或(CH
3)
5C−
5)組成。它是二茂鐵的衍生物,由甲基取代所有的氫原子而成。十甲基二茂鐵有時簡寫為DmFc、[3] Me
10Fc [4]或FeCp*2。[5]
十甲基二茂鐵是一種黃色晶體,是一種還原劑。Fe(II)中心可以被輕易氧化成Fe(III),產生一價正離子十甲基二茂鐵(III)陽離子,甚至更高的氧化態。[6]
製備
[編輯]十甲基二茂鐵可以由五甲基環戊二烯衍生物和氯化亞鐵反應而成:[7]
- 2 Li(C5Me5) + FeCl2 → Fe(C5Me5)2 + 2 LiCl
產物可以通過升華純化。鐵-碳平均距離約為 2.050 Å。它的結構已被X射線晶體學確認。[8]
反應
[編輯]類似二茂鐵,十甲基二茂鐵的 Fe(II) 容易被氧化成 Fe(III)。由於十個甲基的誘導效應,十甲基二茂鐵的還原性比二茂鐵強。氧氣在十甲基二茂鐵的酸性溶液中會被還原成過氧化氫。[9]
使用強氧化劑(例如SbF
5或AsF
5的SO
2溶液,或是XeF+/Sb
2F−
11的HF/SbF
5溶液)氧化十甲基二茂鐵可以得到穩定的十甲基二茂鐵(IV)雙陽離子。在它的Sb
2F−
11鹽中,兩個Cp環是平行的。相比之下,兩個Cp環在SbF−
6鹽中有17°的傾斜。[5]
參考資料
[編輯]- ^ 1.0 1.1 King, R. B.; Bisnette, M. B. Organometallic Chemistry of the Transition Metals XXI. Some π-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Derivatives of Various Transition Metals. J. Organomet. Chem. 1967, 8 (2): 287–297. doi:10.1016/S0022-328X(00)91042-8.
- ^ Connelly, N.; Geiger, W. E. Chemical Redox Agents for Organometallic Chemistry. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96 (2): 877–910. PMID 11848774. doi:10.1021/cr940053x.
- ^ Torriero, Angel A.J. Characterization of decamethylferrocene and ferrocene in ionic liquids: argon and vacuum effect on their electrochemical properties. Electrochimica Acta. 2014, 137: 235–244. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2014.06.005.
- ^ Noviandri, Indra; Brown, Kylie N.; Fleming, Douglas S.; Gulyas, Peter T.; Lay, Peter A.; Masters, Anthony F.; Phillips, Leonidas. The Decamethylferrocenium/Decamethylferrocene Redox Couple: A Superior Redox Standard to the Ferrocenium/Ferrocene Redox Couple for Studying Solvent Effects on the Thermodynamics of Electron Transfer. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 1 August 1999, 103 (32): 6713–6722. ISSN 1520-6106. doi:10.1021/jp991381+.
- ^ 5.0 5.1 Malischewski, M.; Adelhardt, M.; Sutter, J.; Meyer, K.; Seppelt, K. Isolation and structural and electronic characterization of salts of the decamethylferrocene dication. Science. 2016, 353 (6300): 678–682. Bibcode:2016Sci...353..678M. PMID 27516596. doi:10.1126/science.aaf6362.
- ^ M. Malischewski, M. Adelhardt, J. Sutter, K. Meyer, K. Seppelt. Isolation and structural and electronic characterization of salts of the decamethylferrocene dication. Science. 2016-08-12, 353 (6300): 678–682 [2021-07-20]. ISSN 0036-8075. doi:10.1126/science.aaf6362 (英語).
- ^ R.B. King, M.B. Bisnette: Organometallic chemistry of the transition metals XXI. Some π-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl derivatives of various transition metals. In: Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 8, 1967, S. 287, doi:10.1016/S0022-328X(00)91042-8.
- ^ Freyberg, Derek P.; Robbins, John L.; Raymond, Kenneth N.; Smart, James C. Crystal and molecular structures of decamethylmanganocene and decamethylferrocene. Static Jahn-Teller distortion in a metallocene. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101 (4): 892–897. doi:10.1021/ja00498a017.
- ^ Su, Bin; Hatay, Imren; Ge, Pei Yu; Mendez, Manuel; Corminboeuf, Clemence; Samec, Zdenek; Ersoz, Mustafa; Girault, Hubert H. Oxygen and proton reduction by decamethylferrocene in non-aqueous acidic media. Chem. Commun. 2010, 46 (17): 2918–2919 [2021-07-18]. PMID 20386822. doi:10.1039/B926963K. (原始內容存檔於2020-06-12).