泰爾·尼科爾斯之死引發的示威活動
泰爾·尼科爾斯之死引發的示威活動 | |
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Black Lives Matter運動的一部分 | |
日期 | 2023年1月27日–2月1日(5天) |
地點 | 美國 |
起因 | 泰爾·尼科爾斯之死 |
方法 | 抗議,示威 |
傷亡 | |
逮捕 | 18 |
2023年1月27日,29歲的黑人男性泰爾·尼科爾斯被五名孟菲斯市警察局黑人警察毆打的錄像公佈後,引發了美國民眾一系列的示威活動。
背景
[編輯]泰爾·尼科爾斯之死
[編輯]2023年1月27日美國中部時間晚上8時21分,[1] 五名孟菲斯市警察局警察攔截了泰爾·尼科爾斯的車輛,理由是「魯莽駕駛」。尼科爾斯在被警察攻擊後嘗試逃離自己汽車附近但失敗,很久後才呼叫救護車,事發三天後尼科爾斯去世。[2]24日的尼克爾斯家屬委託的私人屍檢初步結果顯示尼克爾斯死於「毆打導致的大量出血」[2]。
1月20日,孟菲斯市警察局解僱了涉事警察,六天後涉事警察被指控犯下二級謀殺罪。[2]孟菲斯市政府隨後公開了當時的執法記錄儀錄像,錄像表明事發時警察曾毆打尼科爾斯九次。[3]。
抗議
[編輯]孟菲斯
[編輯]孟菲斯的抗議活動於1月27日開始,此時泰爾·尼科爾斯死亡的錄像已經被公開。孟菲斯的Black Lives Matter運動原定在允許的烈士公園集會,但當示威者意識到公園已經關閉時改為沿55號州際公路向哈拉漢大橋。晚上9時抗議者逐漸離開[4][5][6]。尼克爾斯的家人在當地的一個滑板公園為尼科爾斯燭光守夜[7]。在第二天,尼科爾斯被警察毆打的路口成為了臨時的紀念地[8]。
美國其他地區
[編輯]在華盛頓哥倫比亞特區,75名示威者於1月27日警察毆打尼科爾斯錄像公開後在拉斐特廣場示威。[9]同一天紐約市也有示威者舉行遊行[10],期間一名示威者跳上警車並試圖打碎警車的擋風玻璃,這名示威者後來被拘留。紐約市警察局宣佈因為示威者前往時代廣場並聚集在紐約中央車站而關閉百老匯第48街到第42街的車輛南行[11][12],共有三名示威者在紐約被捕[13]。在波士頓,示威者在波士頓公園的擁抱雕像守夜[14]。在洛杉磯,民眾在洛杉磯警察局前舉行了守夜,守夜活動因為抗議者和警察的衝突而升高[15]。爭取社會主義和解放黨在抗議期間組織了許多示威活動[16]。芝加哥的十幾名示威者在1月27日於芝加哥警察局前示威[17] 。阿什維爾[18]、亞特蘭大、夏洛特、哥倫布、達拉斯[19]、丹佛、底特律[20]、哈特福德、休斯頓[21]、曼切斯特[22]、紐瓦克[23]、費城[24]、 鳳凰城[25]、匹茲堡、波特蘭[26]、普羅維登斯、薩克拉門托[27] 、鹽湖城[28] 、聖迭戈[29]、 三藩市[30]、西雅圖[31]和聖路易斯等城市也發生了抗議[32]。
政府反應
[編輯]佐治亞州州長布萊恩·肯普宣佈佐治亞州進入緊急狀態,並部署1000名國民警衛隊到2月9日,部分原因為該州的治安情況出現動盪。華盛頓哥倫比亞特區警察局要求「所有的宣誓人員」保持活躍應對抗議活動[33]。
拜登政府與費城、洛杉磯和芝加哥等地的市長進行了交談,為他們提供幫助[31]。
參見
[編輯]參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ Cardia, Alexander; Kao, Jason; Koettl, Christoph; Lutz, Eleanor; Singhvi, Anjali; Stein, Robin. A Timeline of Tyre Nichols's Lethal Police Encounter. 紐約時報. January 27, 2023 [January 27, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Patil, Anushka. Here is a timeline of events in the death of Tyre Nichols.. 紐約時報. January 27, 2023 [January 27, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-26).
- ^ Hartfield, Elizabeth; Croft, Jay; Bradner, Eric; Ebrahimji, Alisha. Memphis releases video showing police stop that led to Tyre Nichols’ death. CNN. January 27, 2023 [January 27, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-27).
- ^ Moon, Melissa. Tyre Nichols protestors shut down I-55 bridge in Memphis. WREG-TV. January 27, 2023 [January 28, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ Kennedy, Corinne; Amro, Dima; Watts, Micaela. As Tyre Nichols video is released, Memphians gather to protest his death. The Commercial Appeal. January 27, 2023 [January 27, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ Alsup, Dave. Protesters block lanes on a highway near downtown Memphis. CNN. January 27, 2023 [January 27, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-27).
- ^ Butkovich, Gina. Skateboarders, activists, family gather to honor Tyre Nichols. The Commercial Appeal. January 27, 2023 [January 28, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-02-02).
- ^ Sarisohn, Hannah; Percy, Phin. Memphis residents gather in front of memorial on street where police beat and detained Tyre Nichols. CNN. January 28, 2023 [January 28, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ Hermann, Peter; Silverman, Ellie; Williams, Clarence. Demonstrators gather in D.C. as Tyre Nichols video is released. The Washington Post. January 27, 2023 [January 27, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ New York City protests erupt after release of Tyre Nichols video. NBC News. January 27, 2023 [January 27, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ Protestors surround police car in NYC amid release of Tyre Nichols video. WABC-TV. January 27, 2023 [January 27, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-27).
- ^ Meko, Hurubie. In New York City, anger and muted protests.. The New York Times. January 27, 2023 [January 27, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ McCausland, Phil. Police make multiple arrests at NYC protest. NBC News. January 28, 2023 [January 28, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ Vigil, protest in Boston as Tyre Nichols police video released in Memphis. CBS News. January 27, 2023 [January 27, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ Sackur, Leila. Los Angeles protesters gather outside police headquarters. NBC News. January 28, 2023 [January 28, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ Dozens rally outside Ohio Statehouse demanding justice for Tyre Nichols. 10 WBNS. January 28, 2023 [2023-01-31]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-29).
- ^ Hauck, Grace; della Cava, Marco; Wong, Kathleen; Cuevas, Eduardo. Protests seen in Chicago, NYC; more expected nationwide after release of Tyre Nichols video in Memphis. USA Today. January 27, 2023 [January 27, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-27).
- ^ Nefzi, Samiar. Protesters gather in Asheville's Pack Square as video of Tyre Nichols' arrest released. WLOS. 2023-01-27 [2023-01-29]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-29) (英語).
- ^ Volmert, Isabella; Bahari, Sarah. Tyre Nichols video prompts outrage, peaceful protest in Dallas. The Dallas Morning News. January 27, 2023 [January 27, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-27).
- ^ Lozano, Virginia. See protests unfold across the country after release of Tyre Nichols video. NPR. January 27, 2023 [January 27, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ Limehouse, Jonathan. Houston leaders, community protest to Tyre Nichols police beating video. Houston Chronicle. January 28, 2023 [January 28, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ Yankowski, Peter. CT activists, officials condemn brutal beating of Tyre Nichols after release of 'horrifying' video. CT Insider. January 28, 2023 [January 28, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ Meyers, Gene. Dozens gather in Newark to demand justice for Tyre Nichols. North Jersey Media Group. 2023-01-28 [2023-01-29]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-29) (美國英語).
- ^ Protests begin in Memphis, other cities. ABC News. January 27, 2023 [January 28, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-27).
- ^ Protesters gather in Phoenix in wake of Tyre Nichols' death. The Arizona Republic. The Republic. [29 January 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-02-02).
- ^ Sainz, Adrian. Tyre Nichols' brutal beating by police shown on video. Associated Press. January 27, 2023 [January 28, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ Sacramento protesters lining up to march. KXTV. January 27, 2023 [January 28, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ Chiwaya, Nigel; Wu, Jiachan. Map: tracking Nichols protests around the United States. NBC News. January 28, 2023 [January 28, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ De La Fe, Rocio. San Diego rallies at Waterfront Park in response to Tyre Nichols' death. cbs8.com. January 27, 2023 [2023-01-29]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-29) (美國英語).
- ^ Mayer, Phil. Tyre Nichols protest begins in San Francisco. KRON-TV. January 27, 2023 [January 27, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ 31.0 31.1 Heyward, Giulia. Mostly peaceful protests held across the U.S. after release of Tyre Nichols footage. NPR. January 28, 2023 [January 28, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ St. Louis protest group gathers in solidarity with Memphis protesters. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. January 27, 2023 [January 28, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).
- ^ Diaz, Jaclyn; Bowman, Emma; Olson, Emily; Sullivan, Becky. The city of Memphis releases videos of Tyre Nichols' arrest and beating. NPR. January 27, 2023 [January 27, 2023]. (原始內容存檔於2023-01-28).