異睡症

異睡症
異睡症
分類和外部資源
醫學專科	睡眠醫學、心理學
ICD-10	F51.3、F51.4、F51.5
eMedicine	291931
	[編輯此條目的維基數據]

異睡症（英語：parasomnia）是睡眠障礙的其中一種，涉及異常的動作、行為、情緒、感知和發生在入睡、睡眠、睡眠階段之間或喚醒時所做的夢。異睡症是游離的睡眠狀態，在清醒、非快速動眼睡眠和快速動眼睡眠及其組合之間的過渡過程中是部分喚醒的。

分類

最新版本的《國際睡眠障礙分類》（ICSD，第3版）使用狀態分離作為異睡症的範例。^[1]^[2]以往，清醒狀態、非快速動眼睡眠和快速動眼睡眠被視為排他性狀態，只會個別出現並有明確的界線，但近期研究表明，這些狀態彼此之間的組合是可能的，因此可能導致異常的不穩定狀態，最終表現為異睡症或意識水平改變。^[1]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]

儘管先前的定義在技術上是正確的，但它仍存在缺陷。對狀態分離範例的考慮有助於對睡眠障礙的理解，並提供了10個核心類別的分類。^[1]^[2]

參見

參考資料

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 International Classification of Sleep Disorders. Darien, IL: American Academy of Sleep Medicine. 2014.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Kazaglis, Louis; Bornemann, Michel A. Cramer. Classification of Parasomnias. Current Sleep Medicine Reports. 2016, 2 (2): 45–52. ISSN 2198-6401. doi:10.1007/s40675-016-0039-y .
^ Mahowald MW, Schenk CH. Dissociated states of wakefulness and sleep. In: Lydic R, Baghdoyan HA, editors. Handbook of behavioral state control: cellular and molecular mechanisms. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 1999. p. 143-58.
^ Mahowald MW, Schenk CH. dissociated states of wakefulness and sleep. Neurology. 1992; 42(7 Suppl 6):44-51.
^ Nobili, Lino; De Gennaro, Luigi; Proserpio, Paola; Moroni, Fabio; Sarasso, Simone; Pigorini, Andrea; De Carli, Fabrizio; Ferrara, Michele, Local aspects of sleep, Progress in Brain Research (Elsevier), 2012, 199: 219–232, ISBN 9780444594273, PMID 22877668, doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59427-3.00013-7
^ Nobili, Lino; Ferrara, Michele; Moroni, Fabio; De Gennaro, Luigi; Russo, Giorgio Lo; Campus, Claudio; Cardinale, Francesco; De Carli, Fabrizio. Dissociated wake-like and sleep-like electro-cortical activity during sleep. NeuroImage. 2011, 58 (2): 612–619. PMID 21718789. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.06.032.
^ Peter-Derex, Laure; Magnin, Michel; Bastuji, Hélène. Heterogeneity of arousals in human sleep: A stereo-electroencephalographic study. NeuroImage. 2015, 123: 229–244. PMID 26220744. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.07.057.

參考書籍

Mahowald & Schenck. Insights from studying human sleep disorders. Nature (2005); 437(7063):1279-85.
Bassetti et al., Lancet (2000); 356: 484–485
Boeve et al. Journal of Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2004; 17:146-157
Aurora RN et al. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine 2010; 6(1):85-95.
Aurora RN et al. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine 2010; 6(4):398-401.

外部連結

[:3-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 International Classification of Sleep Disorders. Darien, IL: American Academy of Sleep Medicine. 2014.

[:4-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Kazaglis, Louis; Bornemann, Michel A. Cramer. Classification of Parasomnias. Current Sleep Medicine Reports. 2016, 2 (2): 45–52. ISSN 2198-6401. doi:10.1007/s40675-016-0039-y .

[3] Mahowald MW, Schenk CH. Dissociated states of wakefulness and sleep. In: Lydic R, Baghdoyan HA, editors. Handbook of behavioral state control: cellular and molecular mechanisms. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 1999. p. 143-58.

[4] Mahowald MW, Schenk CH. dissociated states of wakefulness and sleep. Neurology. 1992; 42(7 Suppl 6):44-51.

[5] Nobili, Lino; De Gennaro, Luigi; Proserpio, Paola; Moroni, Fabio; Sarasso, Simone; Pigorini, Andrea; De Carli, Fabrizio; Ferrara, Michele, Local aspects of sleep, Progress in Brain Research (Elsevier), 2012, 199: 219–232, ISBN 9780444594273, PMID 22877668, doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59427-3.00013-7

[6] Nobili, Lino; Ferrara, Michele; Moroni, Fabio; De Gennaro, Luigi; Russo, Giorgio Lo; Campus, Claudio; Cardinale, Francesco; De Carli, Fabrizio. Dissociated wake-like and sleep-like electro-cortical activity during sleep. NeuroImage. 2011, 58 (2): 612–619. PMID 21718789. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.06.032.

[7] Peter-Derex, Laure; Magnin, Michel; Bastuji, Hélène. Heterogeneity of arousals in human sleep: A stereo-electroencephalographic study. NeuroImage. 2015, 123: 229–244. PMID 26220744. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.07.057.

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分類	ICD-10：F51.3-F51.4 ICD-10-CM：G47.5 ICD-9-CM：307.47, 327.4, 780.59 MeSH：D020447
外部資源	eMedicine：med/3131