窄葉豬籠草

窄葉豬籠草
	產於毛律山的窄葉豬籠草的上位籠
保護狀況
	; 無危（IUCN 2.3）
科學分類
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	真雙子葉植物 Eudicots
目：	石竹目 Caryophyllales
科：	豬籠草科 Nepenthaceae
屬：	豬籠草屬 Nepenthes
種：	窄葉豬籠草 N. stenophylla
二名法
	Nepenthes stenophylla; Mast. (1890)
異名
	Nepenthes alata; auct. non Blanco: Smythies (1965); Nepenthes boschiana; auct. non Korth.: Low (1848); [=N. boschiana/N. stenophylla]; Nepenthes boschiana; auct. non Korth.: Macfarl. (1908); [=N. boschiana/N. stenophylla]; Nepenthes boschiana var. lowii; Hook.f. (1873); Nepenthes curtisii; auct. non Mast.: J.H.Adam & Wilcock (1996); Nepenthes fallax; Beck (1895); ?Nepenthes findlayana; Hort.Williams ex Nichols. (1888) sphalm.typogr.; ?Nepenthes fucosa; S.Beckwith (1987) sphalm.typogr.; Nepenthes fusca; auct. non Danser: Sh.Kurata (1976); Nepenthes fusca subsp. apoensis; J.H.Adam & Wilcock ex Jebb & Cheek (1997) nom.nud.; Nepenthes lindleyana; Low ex W.Baxt. (1850) nom.nud.; Nepenthes maxima; auct. non Reinw. ex Nees: Becc. (1886); [=N. boschiana/N. maxima/; N. stenophylla/N. sumatrana]; Nepenthes maxima var. lowii; (Hook.f.) Becc. (1886); Nepenthes sandakanensis; J.H.Adam & Wilcock (1996); Nepenthes sandakanensis var. eglandulosa; J.H.Adam & Wilcock (1996); Nepenthes sandakanensis var. ferruginea; J.H.Adam & Wilcock (1996);

窄葉豬籠草（學名：Nepenthes stenophylla）是婆羅洲特有的熱帶食蟲植物。^[4]^[5]其種加詞「Stenophylla」意為「窄葉的」。其漏斗狀的捕蟲籠可高達25公分。^[6]其在《世界自然保護聯盟瀕危物種紅色名錄》中被列為無危物種。^[7]窄葉豬籠草被歸入「大豬籠草系」中，其中還包括包希豬籠草（N. boschiana）、陳氏豬籠草（N. chaniana）、附生豬籠草（N. epiphytica）、艾瑪豬籠草（N. eymae）、法薩豬籠草、暗色豬籠草（N. fusca）、克羅斯豬籠草（N. klossii）、大豬籠草（N. maxima）、寬唇豬籠草（N. platychila）和佛氏豬籠草（N. vogelii）。^[8]

其種加詞「stenophylla」來源於希臘文「steno」和「phylla」，意為「狹窄的葉片」，指其葉片的形狀。

假豬籠草

自假豬籠草（N. fallax）^{[注 1]}首次被描述後，其與窄葉豬籠草之間就存在許多爭議。除籠蓋外，假豬籠草的大部分與窄葉豬籠草類似；假豬籠草的模式標本具圓形的籠蓋，而窄葉豬籠草較窄。窄葉豬籠草的原始描述基於一棵由種子發育而來的植株，其種植於英國的溫室中。所以狹長的籠蓋可能是因人工種植造成的異常特徵。^[5]

在B·H·丹瑟的開創性著作《荷屬東印度群島的豬籠草科植物》中認為假豬籠草其實是窄葉豬籠草的一個同物異名。^[9]這一觀點也可得了之後大多數學者的支持。^[5]^[6]^[10]^[11]簡·斯洛爾（Jan Schlauer）考慮到區分這兩個類群僅基於籠蓋形態的不同。^[5]^[12]^[13]他懷疑最初命名為窄葉豬籠草的類群可能是之後被命名的法薩豬籠草（N. faizaliana）。^[14]

假豬籠草在《世界自然保護聯盟瀕危物種紅色名錄》中的保護狀況為易危。^[15]

自然雜交種

N. fusca × N. stenophylla^[16]
N. lowii × N. stenophylla^[5]
N. rajah × N. stenophylla^[5]
N. reinwardtiana × N. stenophylla^[5]
N. stenophylla × N. tentaculata^[5]
N. stenophylla × N. veitchii^[5]

暗色豬籠草與窄葉豬籠草的自然雜交種
兩眼豬籠草與窄葉豬籠草的自然雜交種

注釋

^ 假豬籠草的種加詞「fallax」來源於拉丁文「fallax」，意為「假的，欺騙性的」。

參考文獻

^ Masters, M.T. 1890. New or noteworthy plants. Nepenthes stenophylla, Mast., sp. n. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. The Gardeners' Chronicle, series 3, 8(192): 240.
^ （拉丁文） Hooker, J.D. 1873. Ordo CLXXV bis. Nepenthaceæ. In: A. de Candolle Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 17: 90–105.
^ （德文） Beck, G. 1895. Die Gattung Nepenthes. Wiener Illustrirte Garten-Zeitung 20(3–6): 96–107, 141–150, 182–192, 217–229.
^ 夏洛特. 食蟲植物觀賞&栽培圖鑑. 台北: 商周出版. 2007: 77. ISBN 978-986-124-850-9.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 ^5.4 ^5.5 ^5.6 ^5.7 ^5.8 Clarke, C.M. 1997. Nepenthes of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 2001. Nepenthaceae. Flora Malesiana 15: 1–157.
^ Clarke, C.M., R. Cantley, J. Nerz, H. Rischer & A. Witsuba. Nepenthes stenophylla. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2000. [10 May 2006]. Listed as Least Concern (LR/lc v2.3).
^ Robinson, A.S., J. Nerz & A. Wistuba 2011. Nepenthes epiphytica, a new pitcher plant from East Kalimantan. In: McPherson, S.R. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 36–51.
^ Danser, B.H. 1928. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg, Série III, 9(3–4): 249–438.
^ Jebb, M.H.P. & M.R. Cheek 1997. A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Blumea 42(1): 1–106.
^ McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
^ Schlauer, J. N.d. Nepenthes fallax （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. Carnivorous Plant Database.
^ Schlauer, J. 1996. N.stenophylla, once again （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. Carnivorous Plant Mailing List, May 31, 1996.
^ Schlauer, J. N.d. Nepenthes stenophylla （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. Carnivorous Plant Database.
^ Clarke, C.M., R. Cantley, J. Nerz, H. Rischer & A. Witsuba. Nepenthes fallax. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2000. [10 May 2006]. Listed as Vulnerable (VU D2 v2.3).
^ Phillipps, A., A. Lamb & C.C. Lee 2008. Pitcher Plants of Borneo. Second Edition. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.

Adam, J.H. 1997. Prey spectra of Bornean Nepenthes species (Nepenthaceae) in relation to their habitat.PDF Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science 20(2–3): 121–134.
Bauer, U., C.J. Clemente, T. Renner & W. Federle 2012. Form follows function: morphological diversification and alternative trapping strategies in carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher plants. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 25(1): 90–102. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02406.x
Beaman, J.H. & C. Anderson 2004. The Plants of Mount Kinabalu: 5. Dicotyledon Families Magnoliaceae to Winteraceae. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
Bourke, G. 2010. The climbing pitcher plants of the Kelabit highlands.PDF Captive Exotics Newsletter 1(1): 4–7.
Bourke, G. 2011. The Nepenthes of Mulu National Park. Carniflora Australis 8(1): 20–31.
Burbidge, F.W. 1882. Notes on the new Nepenthes. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） The Gardeners' Chronicle, new series, 17(420): 56.
Clarke, C.M. 2006. Introduction. In: Danser, B.H. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. pp. 1–15.
Fretwell, S. 2013. Back in Borneo for giant Nepenthes. Part 1: Mesilau Nature Reserve, Ranau. Victorian Carnivorous Plant Society Journal 107: 6–13.
Hazebroek, H.P. & A.K. bin Abang Morshidi 2002. A Guide to Gunung Mulu National Park: A World Heritage Site in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
Kurup, R., A.J. Johnson, S. Sankar, A.A. Hussain, C.S. Kumar & S. Baby 2013. Fluorescent prey traps in carnivorous plants. Plant Biology 15(3): 611–615. doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00709.x
Lee, C.C. 2000. Recent Nepenthes Discoveries （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. [video] The 3rd Conference of the International Carnivorous Plant Society, San Francisco, USA.
（印尼文） Mansur, M. 2001. Koleksi Nepenthes di Herbarium Bogoriense: prospeknya sebagai tanaman hias.PDF In: Prosiding Seminar Hari Cinta Puspa dan Satwa Nasional. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Bogor. pp. 244–253.
（印尼文） Mansur, M. 2007. Keanekaragaman jenis Nepenthes (kantong semar) dataran rendah di Kalimantan Tengah. [Diversity of lowland Nepenthes (kantong semar) in Central Kalimantan.] Berita Biologi 8(5): 335–341. Abstract
Mansur, M. & F.Q. Brearley 2008. Ecological studies on Nepenthes at Barito Ulu, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan 9(3): 271–276.
McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Borneo. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
Meimberg, H., A. Wistuba, P. Dittrich & G. Heubl 2001. Molecular phylogeny of Nepenthaceae based on cladistic analysis of plastid trnK intron sequence data. Plant Biology 3(2): 164–175. doi:10.1055/s-2001-12897
（日語） Oikawa, T. 1992. Nepenthes stenophylla Mast.. In: Muyū kusa – Nepenthes（無憂草 – Nepenthes）. [The Grief Vanishing.] Parco Co., Japan. p. 61.
（德文） Meimberg, H. 2002. Molekular-systematische Untersuchungen an den Familien Nepenthaceae und Ancistrocladaceae sowie verwandter Taxa aus der Unterklasse Caryophyllidae s. l..PDF Ph.D. thesis, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich.
Meimberg, H. & G. Heubl 2006. Introduction of a nuclear marker for phylogenetic analysis of Nepenthaceae. Plant Biology 8(6): 831–840. doi:10.1055/s-2006-924676
Meimberg, H., S. Thalhammer, A. Brachmann & G. Heubl 2006. Comparative analysis of a translocated copy of the trnK intron in carnivorous family Nepenthaceae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39(2): 478–490. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.11.023
Miyagi, I. & T. Toma 2007. A new mosquito of the genus Topomyia (Diptera, Culicidae) from a Nepenthes pitcher plant in a Bario highland of Sarawak, Malaysia. Medical Entomology and Zoology 58(3): 167–174. Abstract （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
Sacilotto, R. 2004. Experiments with highland Nepenthes seedlings: a summary of measured tolerances （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 33(1): 26–31.
Thong, J. 2006. Travels around North Borneo – Part 1.PDF Victorian Carnivorous Plant Society Journal 81: 12–17.
Thorogood, C. 2010. The Malaysian Nepenthes: Evolutionary and Taxonomic Perspectives. Nova Science Publishers, New York.

擴展閱讀

原生地中窄葉豬籠草的照片
食蟲植物照片搜尋引擎中窄葉豬籠草的照片（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

維基共享資源上的相關多媒體資源：窄葉豬籠草

[9] 假豬籠草的種加詞「fallax」來源於拉丁文「fallax」，意為「假的，欺騙性的」。

[1] Masters, M.T. 1890. New or noteworthy plants. Nepenthes stenophylla, Mast., sp. n. （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. The Gardeners' Chronicle, series 3, 8(192): 240.

[Hooker-2] （拉丁文） Hooker, J.D. 1873. Ordo CLXXV bis. Nepenthaceæ. In: A. de Candolle Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 17: 90–105.

[Beck-3] （德文） Beck, G. 1895. Die Gattung Nepenthes. Wiener Illustrirte Garten-Zeitung 20(3–6): 96–107, 141–150, 182–192, 217–229.

[夏洛特2007-4] 夏洛特. 食蟲植物觀賞&栽培圖鑑. 台北: 商周出版. 2007: 77. ISBN 978-986-124-850-9.

[Clarke-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 ^5.4 ^5.5 ^5.6 ^5.7 ^5.8 Clarke, C.M. 1997. Nepenthes of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.

[C&J-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 2001. Nepenthaceae. Flora Malesiana 15: 1–157.

[7] Clarke, C.M., R. Cantley, J. Nerz, H. Rischer & A. Witsuba. Nepenthes stenophylla. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2000. [10 May 2006]. Listed as Least Concern (LR/lc v2.3).

[epiphytica-8] Robinson, A.S., J. Nerz & A. Wistuba 2011. Nepenthes epiphytica, a new pitcher plant from East Kalimantan. In: McPherson, S.R. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 36–51.

[Danser-10] Danser, B.H. 1928. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg, Série III, 9(3–4): 249–438.

[J&C-11] Jebb, M.H.P. & M.R. Cheek 1997. A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Blumea 42(1): 1–106.

[12] McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

[13] Schlauer, J. N.d. Nepenthes fallax （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. Carnivorous Plant Database.

[14] Schlauer, J. 1996. N.stenophylla, once again （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. Carnivorous Plant Mailing List, May 31, 1996.

[15] Schlauer, J. N.d. Nepenthes stenophylla （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. Carnivorous Plant Database.

[16] Clarke, C.M., R. Cantley, J. Nerz, H. Rischer & A. Witsuba. Nepenthes fallax. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2000. [10 May 2006]. Listed as Vulnerable (VU D2 v2.3).

[P&L2008-17] Phillipps, A., A. Lamb & C.C. Lee 2008. Pitcher Plants of Borneo. Second Edition. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.

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